Hyperpigmentation is a skin condition that causes some sections of the skin to be darker than others. The skin produces excess melanin, which is the compound that creates color in the skin. This term is an umbrella phrase that includes a variety of skin conditions, including melasma, age spots, and post-inflammatory discoloration. Keep in mind that there are different causes of skin pigmentation, which is why the treatment plan needs to be individualized for each person.